Architecture
“Architecture arises out of our need to shelter the human animal in a spatial environment and to enclose the social animal in a group space. In this sense architecture serves our institutions and expresses the values of our culture.”
Pender Labs, Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania

Photo Credit: Athenaeum of Philadelphia, Lawrence Williams Inc. Collection, Local ID#:77133-A
Philadelphia Police Headquarters

Photo Credit: By Beyond My Ken, GFDL
Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey

Photo Credit: Axel Kilian
Writings, Interviews, and Lectures
In Search of Architecture For Emerging Problems
Interview by John Fenton. University: Princeton Quarterly, June 1967, pp. 34-41.
The Forest Edge
Architectural Design, 52, November/December, 1982, pp. 2-23.
The Nature of the Built Environment
Progressive Architecture, June 1974.
Theory In Practice 1 and 2
Architectural Forum, October and November 1972.
The Responsibilities (and joy) of Architecture
Interview by Diane Hempel. University: Princeton Quarterly, Summer 1974.
The Impetus To Build: On the Ethic and Aesthetic of Architecture
Christian Science Monitor, August 1977.
Possibilities In Architecture
Architectural Record, November 1977.
Principles and Precedents: 1. Place and Time 2. People and Buildings 3. Technical Odyssey
Process Architecture, Tokyo 62, 1985.
Kahn and the Civic Realm
Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, Museum of Modern Art, New York July 28, 1992.
The Philadelphia School of Architecture: Harold Pender Laboratory (1958-2003)
The Philadelphia Architect, September 2003.
Second Thoughts: Reflections On Winning Second Prize
Building a Masterpiece: the Sydney Opera House, Sydney: Powerhouse Museum, 2006.
Fit: An Architect’s Manifesto
Princeton University Press, 2012.
Make it NEW. Make it FIT
Lecture given by Robert Geddes at the Institute for Advanced Study organized by DOCOMOMO, April 5, 2014.
Notes on the Aims of Architecture
Lecture at the School of Architecture, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, April 25,1965.
Outside, Inside, and Time
Dedication Lecture of the Muhlenberg College Library. Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania, 1989.
Articles
A Complicated Modernity: Philadelphia Architectural Design 1945-1980
Clendenin Malcolm, Introduction Emily T. Cooperman. Preserve Philadelphia!, The Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia, July 2009.
What Happened To The Social Agenda?
Glazer, Nathan, The American Scholar, March 1, 2007.
The Architecture of the United States
Kidder Smith, G.E. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1981, volume 1, p. 382.
Buildings and Ideas
Martin, Leslie, Cambridge University Press, 1983, p. 15.
Architecture at Princeton: Reflecting on 17 years at Princeton
Merritt, James, Princeton Weekly Bulletin, March 29, 1982.
Robert Geddes
Schmertz, Mildred, Contemporary Architects, edited by Muriel Emanuel and Dennis Sharpe, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1980.
Yes, Virginia, There Really WAS a Philadelphia School
Smith, Sandy, Philadelphia Magazine, April 6, 2017.
Design Competitions
Spreiregen, Paul, New York: McGraw Hill, 1979.
Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture
Venturi, Robert, New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1966, p. 20 and note 6.
Sydney Opera House: The Designs That Didn’t Make It
The Guardian, February 9, 2019